DO DIAGNÓSTICO À INTERVENÇÃO: GERENCIANDO ANSIEDADE E DEPRESSÃO EM JOVENS E A IMPORTÂNCIA DA PREVENÇÃO

Abstract

The aim of this article is to discuss therapeutic strategies for managing anxiety and depression in young people, with an emphasis on prevention. Through the analysis of different approaches, the article seeks to highlight the importance of early and integrated interventions in the treatment of these disorders, considering current challenges and trends. The research was conducted using the databases Google Scholar, Scielo, and PubMed, applying descriptors based on DeCS (Health Sciences Descriptors): "Anxiety," "Depression," "Adolescent," and "Suicide Prevention." Articles published between 2004 and 2024, in Portuguese and English, that offered full access and directly addressed the diagnosis, intervention, and prevention of anxiety and depression disorders in young people were included. Exclusion criteria included theses, dissertations, materials with restricted access (paid articles), and studies that did not match the proposed temporal or thematic scope. The analysis of the studies included a review of pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches, evaluation of validated diagnostic tools, and prevention programs aimed at youth mental health. Therapeutic approaches include the use of antidepressants, such as SSRIs and SNRIs, in cases of depression, and anxiolytics for treating severe anxiety symptoms. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) proved effective as a non-pharmacological intervention, helping young people to modify negative thought patterns. The article also highlights the importance of prevention strategies, which include educational interventions and mental health promotion programs aimed at reducing risk factors. The combination of pharmacological and psychosocial interventions offers an effective approach to treating anxiety and depression in young people. Prevention is crucial to reducing the incidence of these disorders, and the strengthening of educational campaigns and support programs is recommended. Therefore, more research is needed to optimize diagnostic and treatment practices for these conditions in youth.