Keywords
Risk Factors
Obesity
Diabetes Mellitus
Cardiovascular Diseases
How to Cite
Abstract
Introduction: Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) is a chronic condition that affects a significant proportion of the world's population, being one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, stroke, and renal failure. Objective: The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the literature to identify and analyze the risk factors associated with systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) in the population, considering aspects such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, sedentary lifestyle, smoking, and socioeconomic conditions, in addition to evaluating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the management of hypertension. The research aims to contribute to the development of effective strategies for the prevention and control of SAH, promoting an integrated and multidisciplinary approach to public health. Methodology: The PubMed, ScienceDirect and Scielo databases were used, with the search between 2018 and 2024, in Portuguese and English. Results: In the search and selection process, 40 articles addressing the prevalence of hypertension and its risk factors were considered adequate for inclusion in the review. Discussion: The results indicated that obesity, diabetes mellitus, sedentary lifestyle, smoking, and dyslipidemia are predominant risk factors. In addition, the analysis revealed that hypertension often coexists with other comorbidities and is influenced by socioeconomic factors. The COVID-19 pandemic has also exacerbated the condition in many patients, highlighting the need for proactive interventions. Conclusion: The promotion of healthy lifestyles and health education are essential for the effective management of hypertension. This study emphasizes the importance of an integrated and multidisciplinary approach to the management of SAH and its complications.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Carolina Dossena, Rhuan Nantes Fontoura Teofilo, Mariane Bauml Braznik, Fabiana de Andrade Bergamo , Fernando Malachias de Andrade Bergamo , Aliandra Synara Moura de Melo, Beatriz de Queiroz