Prevalência e Fatores Associados à Amenorreia no Brasil: Uma Revisão de Literatura

Abstract

Introduction: Amenorrhea is characterized by the absence of menstruation for a minimum interval of 90 days. It can be said that amenorrhea, in women not using hormonal medication and in the absence of pregnancy and lactation, is indicative of a dysfunction. It occurs due to the inadequate functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HHO) axis, considered pathological in the absence of medication, pregnancy or lactation. It can be classified as primary or secondary to describe, respectively, the absence of menstruation without the occurrence of menarche or after menarche. Objective: to conduct a comprehensive and thorough review of the existing literature on the prevalence and various factors associated with amenorrhea in Brazil. Methodology: An observational approach was used, which consisted of a systematic search of 8 scientific articles related to the prevalence and factors associated with amenorrhea. Databases such as PubMed, Scopus and SciELO, published between 2015 and 2024, were consulted using specific search terms, such as 'amenorrhea', 'prevalence', 'associated factors', and 'Brazil'. The results were synthesized and organized for a detailed analysis of the prevalence and factors associated with amenorrhea. Results: The thorough and in-depth analysis, together with a well-founded and detailed discussion, of the results obtained through the investigation of the prevalence and factors associated with amenorrhea in the Brazilian territory revealed a wide and diverse range of determinants that play a fundamental role and contribute to the occurrence of this condition. Among these determinants, it is possible to highlight highly complex and interconnected endocrine issues, intricate social aspects and environmental variables that exert a considerable influence and influence the manifestation of amenorrhea in the different populations that make up Brazil. Conclusion: It was found that amenorrhea is a major public health problem that significantly affects the quality of life of women worldwide, highlighting the importance of paying close attention to women's reproductive health, prioritizing the promotion of effective public policies that aim to guarantee equal access to health services and sexual education, thus expanding opportunities for care and prevention.