Epidemiological characterization of mortality from malignant neoplasms of the bronchi and lungs in Brazil during the period 2018 to 2022

Abstract

Introduction: Lung cancer is one of the main public health challenges in Brazil, with high prevalence and incidence. It is the leading cause of cancer death in the global and national context, mainly affecting males. It is estimated that 80% of lung cancer cases are related to the consumption of tobacco derivatives, which makes this habit one of the main causes of preventable deaths worldwide. Objective: To describe the socioepidemiological profile of mortality due to malignant neoplasms of the bronchi and lungs in Brazil, from 2018 to 2022. Methodology: Observational, cross-sectional, descriptive study, through the collection of epidemiological data, obtained from the Department of Information Technology of the Unified Health System (DATASUS), in the subsections of the Mortality Information System (SIM). Data on the distribution of age group, sex, race/color, and geographic region were collected using DATASUS data referring to ICD10-C34. Results: From 2018 to 2022, 144,754 deaths from malignant neoplasms of the bronchi and lungs were recorded in Brazil. The results showed a higher prevalence of deaths among men (55.79%), white individuals (59.79%), elderly individuals between 60 and 69 years old (31.50%), and residents of the Southeast region (45.28%). Conclusion: Mapping the epidemiological characteristics of this type of neoplasm is essential for the creation and adoption of new strategies aimed at reducing the mortality rate from the disease in Brazil.