GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE (GERD): INDICATIONS FOR SURGERY. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW.

Abstract

Objective: To identify problems in child nutrition that are associated with gastroesophageal reflux in childhood. Literature review: Gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) is caused by several factors and is a chronic dysfunction resulting from the return of stomach contents to the esophagus. Frequent exposure of stomach contents to the esophagus can lead to a weakening of the lower esophageal sphincter, which acts as a barrier against reflux. Thus, this dysfunction may increase the propensity for episodes of sphincter relaxation, leading to an increased risk of GERD. In children, gastroesophageal reflux is a natural occurrence, but when it presents associated symptoms and complications, generally arising from dietary problems, it can result in the development of GERD, which often manifests itself through symptoms such as heartburn and regurgitation, negatively affecting quality. life of the child and their family. Conclusion: GERD can manifest itself in several ways, causing a wide range of signs and symptoms depending on the patient's age. Therefore, it is essential to identify risk groups, follow updated guidelines and provide guidance on adequate nutrition in order to reduce complications and facilitate diagnosis.