Perfil epidemiológico de Morbidade Hospitalar por Insuficiência Cardíaca, entre 2019 e 2023: Estudo Ecológico

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Heart failure (HF) is a clinical condition in which the heart cannot pump blood effectively, resulting in symptoms such as shortness of breath and fatigue. In Brazil, this pathology represents one of the main causes of hospitalization. This study analyzes hospitalizations, costs and demographic characteristics of patients with HF in Brazil, with the aim of informing health policies to reduce their impact. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to analyze hospital admissions for HF in Brazil from January 2019 to December 2023, with emphasis on distribution by age group, patient sex, types of care and hospital costs. METHODOLOGY: This is a quantitative retrospective study using data from the SUS Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS), accessed via the TABNET/DATASUS secondary database. Hospitalizations, age group, patient sex, types of care and hospital costs due to HF in Brazil between January 2019 and December 2023 were analyzed. The analysis used descriptive statistics and tabulation in a Microsoft Excel 2016 spreadsheet, with results presented in tables in Microsoft Word 10. RESULTS: Between January 2019 and December 2023, there were 941,669 hospitalizations for heart failure in Brazil, with a higher prevalence in the Southeast region (50.78%). Hospital costs totaled R$1,735,613,591.98. Hospitalizations were predominantly among elderly people over 60 years of age, and the majority of visits were urgent (94.43%). Men represented 51.40% of hospitalizations. These data highlight the importance of effective prevention and treatment strategies. CONCLUSION: Data on heart failure in Brazil indicate a high concentration of cases in the Southeast Region, with a predominance of hospitalizations in the elderly and emergency care. The higher prevalence among men highlights differences in risk. It is crucial to implement prevention and early management strategies, especially in less developed regions, to reduce dependence on emergency care and improve health outcomes, focusing on the elderly population.