Abordagens no Tratamento de Queimaduras Graves: Uma Revisão dos Últimos 10 Anos

Abstract

Burns, which can range from mild to severe, requirespecialized treatments to minimize damage and promoterecovery. Silver dressings, used for centuries, are effective in reducing infections due to their antimicrobial properties, acting against bacterial respiration and replication. Nanocrystalline silver, which continuously releases silver for 3 to 7 days, reduces the frequency of dressing changes anddiscomfort, while silver sulfadiazine requires daily changes. Fractional CO2 laser treatment is innovative for burn care, improving skin texture, reducing contractures, and stimulatingcollagen production, benefiting both aesthetic and emotionalrecovery of patients. Hyaluronic acid accelerates woundhealing, improves elasticity and microvascular density, andhas anti-inflammatory action, preventing hypertrophic scarswithout adverse effects. Skin grafts are essential for severeburns, restoring skin integrity and function. Autografts are preferred due to a lower risk of rejection and infection, whileallografts are used temporarily for extensive burns until thepatient’s own skin can be grafted. Burn management involvesa multidisciplinary approach, including intensive care, nutritional support, physical and psychological therapy, andsurgical interventions such as skin grafts.