Keywords
How to Cite
Abstract
The sudden and acute increase in blood pressure, especially diastolic, greater than 120 mmHg, combined with signs of target organ damage is known as hypertensive emergency (HE). Pulmonary edema, cardiac ischemia, neurological deficits, acute renal failure, aortic dissection and eclampsia are some examples. This article aims to discuss the pathophysiological mechanisms of the disease in view of the epidemiological importance of HE. The objective of this research is to discuss and describe HE and its pathophysiology, as well as show how the disease affects patients' personal lives. The database used was SciElo (Scientific Electronic Library Online) and PubMed (US National Library of Medicine), which contains scientific information as of March 9, 2024. The pathophysiology of HE is demonstrated in several studies, including conditions related to increased intravascular volume, peripheral vascular resistance and the likelihood of decreased production of endogenous vasodilators, which could result in greater vasoreactivity, which could result in an emergency situation. In summary, healthcare systems around the world still face a significant burden of sepsis.
Keywords: Emergency, Treatment, Semiology.
References
Abdallah, T. M., et al. (2018). Clínico-epidemiological characteristics and survival outcome of patients with hypertensive crisis at Kassala Hospital, Eastern Sudan. J. Clin. Intensive Care Med., 3 (1), 029-034.
Almeida, A. B. D., et al. (2018). O papel da enfermagem no atendimento ao paciente em emergência e urgência hipertensiva. Revista de Iniciação Científica da Libertas, 8, (1), 58-69.
Barbosa, J. de S., et al. (2020). The impact of acupuncture in the treatment of systemic arterial hypertension. Research, Society and Development, 9(11), e2079119752.
Bello, L. B. G., et al. (2020). Características clínicas de los pacientes con crisis hipertensivas que acuden a un Servicio de emergencias médicas. Rev. virtual Soc. Parag. Med. Int., 7 (1), 42-49.
Benenson, I., et al. (2019). Risk factors for hypertensive crisis in adult patients: a systematic review protocol. JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports, 17 (11), 2343–2349.
Chaudhary, D., & Lakhani, K. (2019). Study of clinical profile of patients with hypertensive crisis. International Journal of Scientific Research, 8 (2), 45-48.
Demézio, D. C. D. S., et al. (2013). O Enfermeiro frente à crise hipertensiva no atendimento de urgência e emergência. Revista Eletrônica de Enfermagem do Centro de Estudos de Enfermagem e Nutrição, 4 (4), 1-15.
Froehlich R. J., et al, (2018). Aperfeiçoamento do Tratamento de Emergências Hipertensivas Obstétricas em um Pronto-Socorro Feminino Terciário. Obstet Gynecol. 132 (4):850-858.
Kaya, A., et al. (2016). Sublingual vs. oral captopril in hypertensive crisis. The Journal of Emergency Medicine, 50 (1), 108–115.
Kubotani, K. P. S., et al. (2019). Utilização de fármacos vasodilatadores de ação direta e indireta no tratamento de hipertensão arterial: artigo de revisão.
Revista da Faculdade de Educação e Meio Ambiente, 10 (1), 148-155.
Lee, G. H., et al. (2016). Hypertensive crisis in children: an experience in a single tertiary care center in Korea. Clinical Hypertension, 22 (10), 1-6. Mello, A. B. Q. B.,et al. (2018). Como se portar frente a emergência hipertensiva. Revista Caderno de Medicina, 1 (1), 24-33.
Mendes, F. D. A., et al. (2018). Diagnósticos de enfermagem em portadores de hipertensão arterial na atenção primária. Estação científica (UNIFAP), 8 (1), 91-101.
Oliveira, S. G. D., & Silva, L. L D. (2016). O papel da equipe de enfermagem frente ao paciente em crise hipertensiva. Revista Saúde e Desenvolvimento, 10 (5), 180-195.
Paini, A., et al. (2018). Definitions and Epidemiological Aspects of Hypertensive Urgencies and Emergencies. High Blood Press Cardiovasc. Prev, 25, 241– 244.
Santos, C. de S., & Pol-Fachin, L. (2022). Systemic Arterial Hypertension in the Family Health Strategy: a literature review. Research, Society and Development, 11(13), e09111332281.
Seeman, T., Hamdani, G., & Mitsnefes, M. (2019). Hypertensive crisis in children and adolescents. Pediatric Nephrology, 34, 2523–2537.
Shao, P. J., et al. (2018). Profile of patients with hypertensive urgency and emergency presenting to an urban emergency department of a tertiary referral hospital in Tanzania. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, 18 (158), 1-7.
Siqueira, D. S., et al. (2015). Caracterização dos pacientes atendidos com crise hipertensiva num hospital de pronto socorro. Revista de Enfermagem Referência, 4 (5), 27-36.
Sousa, M. G., & Passarelli, J. O. (2014). Emergências hipertensivas: epidemiologia, definição e classificação. Rev. Bras. Hipertens. 21 (3), 134-139. Stein, D. R., & Ferguson, M. A. (2016). Evaluation and treatment of hypertensive crises in children. Integrated Blood Pressure Control, 9, 49–58. Suneja, M., & Sanders, M. L. (2017). Hypertensive Emergency. Medical Clinics of North America, 101 (3), 465–478.
Wan, S., et al. (2018). The Vascular-Renal Connection in Patients Hospitalized With Hypertensive Crisis: A Population-Based Study. Mayo Clin. Proc. Inn Qual. 2 (2), 148-154.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2024 Gabriella Rodrigues Araujo , Vanessa Maria Gonçalves de Souza, Anna Vitória Rios Miranda Rodrigues, Policena Vieira de Lucena Silva, Maria Fernanda Ewerton Filgueira, Gabriella de Brito Malcher Melo, Isadora Pinheiro Falcão, Mariana Alves e Cruz, Daiana Elsa de Moura Holzle, Lara Louyse Sousa Ribeiro, Mariane Cordeiro da Silva, Thaís Siqueira Teixeira de Deus