PANORAMA CLÍNICO- EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DOS CASOS DE ZIKA VÍRUS NO MARANHÃO:ANÁLISE DOS ANOS DE 2018 A 2023

Abstract

Arboviruses are endemic diseases and pose a significant challenge to public health. Among these arboviruses is the Zika virus, which can be transmitted by the bite of the Aedes aegypti mosquito and also via the placental route. This study aimed to evaluate Zika virus cases in the state of Maranhão between 2018 and 2023. This retrospective, descriptive, and quantitative study is based on secondary data provided by the System of Notifiable Diseases (SINAN) from the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS). The study assessed reported cases of Zika virus in the Maranhão population from 2018 to 2023. The total number of confirmed Zika virus cases in Maranhão during this period was 5,831. The municipality of São Luís had the highest number of cases (n=2,573). The age group with the highest frequency of ZIKV cases was 20 to 39 years, accounting for 28.62% (n=1,668) of the cases. Most individuals had completed high school, representing 29.70% of the cases. The most frequent ethnicity in the sample was mixed race (parda), corresponding to 77.06% (n=4,462) of the cases. The sample was predominantly composed of female individuals (57.16%). The majority of cases received laboratory confirmation (75.66%), with an outcome of recovery (80.64%) (n=4,702), and without the presence of pregnancy (93.16%). In light of these findings, it can be inferred that further studies on the prevalence of ZIKV in the Maranhão population are extremely relevant for the development of public policies for vector control.