Keywords
Stuttering
Disfluency
How to Cite
Abstract
Stuttering is a disorder characterized by interruptions in the flow and alterations in the rhythm of speech, including the repetition of sounds, syllables, and words, as well as blocks and prolongations. This disfluency can cause distress to those who stutter due to discomfort and insecurity during the social interaction process mediated by language. A better understanding of the causal mechanisms of stuttering can aid in the development of more effective treatment strategies. The aim of this study is a narrative review of the literature on the advances in knowledge regarding the role of genetics in the etiology of developmental stuttering. Twin studies conducted in various countries, although with varying results, mostly indicate that the genetic component has greater importance in the etiology of developmental stuttering than environmental factors. In the past 20 years, there has been significant progress in this field with the discovery of mutant genes related to stuttering and the study of mice in which these mutant genes were introduced. All this advancement points to a progressive increase in the understanding of the neural bases of developmental stuttering and its various phenotypes, with the potential to favor the development of individualized and more effective treatments for those who stutter.
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