ANÁLISE DOS INDICADORES DE NEOPLASIA MALIGNA DE PRÓSTATA NO BRASIL ENTRE MARÇO DE 2023 A MARÇO DE 2024

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Prostate cancer, common in men after the age of 50, originates in the prostate gland, important in the production of seminal fluid. Its incidence increases with age and risk factors include advanced age, family history, ethnicity, high-fat diet and sedentary lifestyle. Genetic and environmental factors influence its carcinogenesis. Malignant transformation of glandular epithelial cells results in uncontrolled growth, invasion, and metastasis. Androgens, especially testosterone, are crucial in its progression. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to quantify and analyze the rates of hospitalizations, deaths and mortality rates due to malignant prostate neoplasia in Brazil. METHODOLOGY: : This is a retrospective study with a quantitative approach, carried out based on data collection by the SUS Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS), made available by the secondary database of the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (TABNET/DATASUS).  The data studied referred to hospitalizations, deaths and the mortality rate due to malignant prostate neoplasia in Brazil in the period between March 2023 and March 2024. The analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics, tabulation in a Microsoft Excel 2016 spreadsheet arranged in tables using Microsoft Word 10. RESULTS: Data analysis indicates that, although there is a significant discrepancy in the rates of prostate cancer mortality among the different regions of Brazil, all face considerable challenges. The North Region demands particular attention due to its high mortality rate, while the other regions also require continuous efforts to improve the diagnosis and treatment of the disease, aiming to further reduce mortality rates. CONCLUSION: Regional disparities in prostate cancer in Brazil require specific approaches. The North Region needs urgent improvements in access and early diagnosis, while the Northeast Region stands out as a model. The Southeast faces challenges, and the South and Central-West have worrying rates. Investments in infrastructure, training and awareness are essential, as are advances in treatment.