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Abstract
Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by the abnormal accumulation of beta-amyloid protein plaques and tau protein tangles in the brain, which result in the gradual loss of nerve cells and synaptic connections. Objective: To evaluate the pathogenesis and management of Alzheimer's disease. Methodology: This is a bibliographic review that included original articles and systematic reviews in English and Portuguese, which addressed the pathogenic components and treatment of AD, published between 2013 and 2024, selected from the PubMed, Scopus and SciELO databases. After careful selection, 18 articles were chosen to compose this bibliographic review. Results: Several factors associated with the pathogenesis of the pathology are evident, such as the inflammatory response, microglial activation and the imbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, neurodegeneration, the formation of neurofibrillary tangles and intestinal dysbiosis. Management involves cholinesterase inhibitors and NMDA receptor antagonists, and new therapeutic strategies are being developed. Considerations: It should be noted that AD has multiple pathogenic mechanisms. Continued understanding of the complex mechanisms involved in AD is crucial for the development of effective therapeutic approaches that can modify the course of this devastating disease, improving patients' quality of life.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Ray de Lima Coutinho Costa, Martha de Araujo Medeiros Pereira, Letícia Cantuária Santana, Alexandre Santos Lima Junior, Luis Guilherme Gomes de Athayde, Natália Caminha Freire de Albuquerque , Alina Malta Brandão Nunes, Alícia Malta Brandão Nunes, Paulo Vytor Cardoso Nobre, Antônio Carlos Ramos Valença Neto, Thilia Pontes de Oliveira Soares, Anamália Corado de Moura, Eraldo Abilio Pereira Moreira, Isadora Gomes Cavalcanti Silva