ANALYSIS OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF ADMISSIONS FOR ASTHMA IN BRAZIL BETWEEN 2019 TO 2023

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases in the world, it is characterized by chronic inflammation of the airways that generates bronchial hyperresponsiveness and airflow obstruction, with variable evolution and mostly reversible character. Epidemiological surveillance in Brazil showed increased rates of reported cases of hospitalizations for Asthma. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to demonstrate data related to Asthma, in Brazil and its regions, during the years 2019-2023. METHODS: This is an ecological study, carried out based on data collection by the SUS Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS), made available by the secondary database of the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (TABNET/DATASUS) . The data studied referred to hospitalizations for Asthma in Brazil in the period between January 2019 and December 2023. From them, descriptive statistical analyzes were carried out based on the following sociodemographic variables: regions, race and sex. RESULTS: The results showed that the regions where hospitalizations predominate are: the Northeast and Southeast Regions; there is a higher prevalence of hospitalizations in mixed race people, the race with the lowest hospitalization rate is indigenous. In relation to sex, our data observe a change according to age, since from 1-14 years of age the predominance of cases is in males, while in 15-49 years of age the female gender predominates. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Based on the data analyzed, the Northeast region presented the highest number of Asthma cases in the period defined by the study, followed by the Southeast region. The lowest numbers were presented by the Central-West region. Therefore, complementary studies are relevant, and it is important to highlight the need for improvements in initiatives for adequate treatment strategies for the population.