SURGICAL TREATMENT OF NEPHROTIC SYNDROME: STRATEGIES FOR CONTROLLING PROTEINURIA AND PRESERVATION OF RENAL FUNCTION

Abstract

Nephrotic syndrome is a kidney condition that causes a large loss of protein in the urine, leading to edema, hypoalbuminemia and other symptoms. Surgical treatment may be an option in specific cases to control proteinuria and preserve kidney function. Objectives: To evaluate the different surgical strategies used in the treatment of nephrotic syndrome, with a focus on controlling proteinuria and preserving renal function. Methodology: They consisted of a systematic literature review, where relevant articles were searched in academic databases. The inclusion criteria were defined to select studies that evaluated the surgical treatment of nephrotic syndrome and its strategies to control proteinuria and preserve renal function. For data collection, the following databases were used: Nursing Database (BDENF), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), PubMed and Latin American Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS). Various types of publications, such as scientific articles, monographs and magazines, were consulted to obtain relevant information on the topic. Results and Discussions: Surgical strategies used to treat nephrotic syndrome have demonstrated variable efficacy in controlling proteinuria and preserving renal function. Interventions are necessary to better understand the benefits and limitations of each surgical approach, considering the different patient profiles and characteristics of the disease. Conclusion: In conclusion, surgical treatment of nephrotic syndrome offers a range of strategies to control proteinuria and preserve renal function. However, the selection of the most appropriate surgical approach must take into account the severity of the disease, the response to conservative treatment and the individual characteristics of the patient. More studies are needed to validate the long-term efficacy and safety of these strategies.