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Abstract
Introduction: Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune disease that affects the thyroid gland, designated by the inflammation and destruction of thyroid tissue, triggered by the autoimmune response, which results in the production of autoantibodies, such as antithyroglobulin and antithyroperoxidase antibodies. Objective: To evaluate the pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. Methodology: This is a bibliographic review that included original articles and systematic reviews in English and Portuguese, which addressed the pathogenic, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of HT, published between 2014 and 2024, selected from the PubMed, Scopus and SciELO databases. After careful selection, 21 articles were chosen to compose this bibliographic review. Results: The pathogenesis of HT presents several relevant aspects, such as the abnormality of regulatory T cells, the exacerbated activity of Th17 cells and the increased expression of inflammatory components and pro-inflammatory cytokines. The diagnosis is made mainly by measuring TSH, free T4 and Anti-TPO, however other complementary tests may be necessary. Management is mainly associated with hormone replacement in patients with hypothyroidism. Considerations: HT is a complex condition, including multiple pathogenic mechanisms that need to be further elucidated. The diagnosis is mainly based on the serum dosage of some compounds. Pharmacological disciplines are associated with the exogenous use of thyroid hormone and surgery in some specific cases.
References
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Copyright (c) 2024 Daniella Acioli Lima de França , Paulo Vytor Cardoso Nobre, Maria Luisa Vieira Cuyabano Leite, Flavia Alves de Matos Barbosa , Marcos Farias Mota, João Victor Nunes Cadete , Henrique José Fernandes de Souza Vieira , Lara Patrícia Acioli Lima de França , Maria Ester Gonçalves Ferreira Cavalcanti Manso, Tarciany das Neves Pulcino , Fernando Lages da Resurreição , Alan Elves Vieira de Oliveira Junior, Isadora Thamyres Barbosa Ferreira da Silva, Ana Beatriz Soares Tojal de Barros Lima
