Current overview of anorexia nervosa: clinical complications, diagnostic implications and management.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36557/2674-8169.2024v6n4p1189-1199Keywords:
anorexia nervosa; complications; diagnosis; treatment.Abstract
Introduction: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is an eating disorder characterized by a distorted perception of weight and body image, leading to significant dietary restriction and excessive concern about weight loss. Objective: To evaluate the clinical complications, diagnosis and management of anorexia nervosa. Methodology: This is a bibliographic review that included original articles and systematic reviews in English and Portuguese, which addressed the diagnostic, therapeutic components and complications of AN, published between 2013 and 2024, selected from the PubMed, Scopus and SciELO databases. After careful selection, 18 articles were chosen to compose this bibliographic review. Results: The diagnosis includes some criteria, including dietary restriction, intense fear of gaining weight and distortion of body image. The disorder can cause multiple changes, such as amenorrhea, compromised bone mineral density, fractures and changes in vital signs. Management of AN can utilize family treatment, such as the Maudsley method, and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Eating Disorders (CBT-AT). Considerations: The physiological consequences of AN are serious, including compensatory behaviors. The diagnosis of AN is complex and treatment of AN requires a multidisciplinary and individualized approach and outpatient management is an affordable and safe option to avoid prolonged hospitalizations.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Paulo Vytor Cardoso Nobre, Nathalya Bezerra Brasil , Lucca Costa Machado Gomes, Hérica Silva Florentino , Gabriel Medeiros de Amorim Nobre, Ana Letícia Néri Marques, Flávio Roberto de Oliveira Barros Filho, Maria Vitória de Araúna Galvão , Gabriela Andrade de Alencar Pereira Beltrão , Maria Clara Sobral de Almeida , Glenda Maria Gomes Lopes , Nayara Fernanda Amorim Madeiros Ribeiro
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