Keywords
Exercise
Healthy Aging
How to Cite
Abstract
Introduction: Sarcopenia is characterized by the progressive loss of muscle mass and strength in the elderly, resulting in physical frailty and an increased risk of falls and mortality. Physical exercise is fundamental in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia, but its prescription for the elderly requires careful consideration of several factors, including the severity of sarcopenia and comorbidities. Methodology: A systematic review was carried out using the PubMed, Scielo and LILACS databases, and the descriptors ((Sarcopenia" AND (Exercise)) AND (Health of the Elderly), resulting in 25 articles selected for analysis. In addition, guidelines from the Brazilian Society of Geriatrics and Gerontology were consulted for additional information. Results: Sarcopenia involves the gradual loss of muscle mass and is associated with multiple pathophysiological mechanisms, including satellite cell senescence and chronic inflammation. Diagnosis is based on clinical criteria and imaging tests, particularly dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Physical exercise, especially resistance training, is fundamental in the treatment of sarcopenia, but the prescription must be adapted to the individual needs of the elderly, taking into account their frailty and comorbidities. Conclusion: Sarcopenia represents a significant health challenge for the elderly, requiring a multidisciplinary approach that includes adapted physical exercise, nutritional interventions and, when necessary, specific supplementation. Although evidence for drug interventions is limited, evidence-based individualization of treatment is crucial to promote healthy and functional aging.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Humberto Novais da Conceição, Marina Pezzetti Sanchez Diogo, José Victor Gomes Mendes, Leandro de Oliveira Silva, Jorge Augusto Batista Borges, Leonardo Maquiné Hermont, João Victor de Assis Crispim, Bruno Gonzaga Feitoza, Bruna Morgana Neves Silva, Camila Cataneo Cardoso Borin, Paloma Mesquita Rodriguez, Natália Henriques da Fonseca Araújo, Luiza Maciel Dias