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Abstract
Introduction: Cardiac arrhythmias, such as tachycardia and atrial fibrillation, are common disorders that can lead to serious complications. Risk factors include heart diseases, electrolyte disturbances, medication use, stress, and substance consumption. Objective: Therefore, the present study aims to analyze the evaluation and management of cardiac arrhythmias in pediatric patients. Methodology: In this exploratory literature review, the PMC, LILACS, Google Scholar, and SciELO databases were used to search for scientific articles published between 2014 and 2024 in Portuguese or English on pediatric cardiac arrhythmias. After removing duplicates and analyzing in stages, 52 documents were included for full analysis. Of the 52 documents, 12 were considered relevant for the production of results. The review was conducted according to established guidelines, despite not determining a questioning system. Results: The evaluation and management of cardiac arrhythmias in pediatric patients require a careful and individualized approach. Other diagnostic methods include ECG, electrophysiological study, and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Furthermore, treatment varies according to the type and severity of the arrhythmia, and may involve antiarrhythmic drugs, catheter ablation, or pacemaker implantation. Conclusion: The evaluation and management of cardiac arrhythmias in pediatric patients are crucial to ensure the quality of life of these individuals. In this sense, a careful and individualized approach is essential, which includes a detailed initial assessment, complementary exams, and appropriate treatment. Knowledge of the specific characteristics of arrhythmias in children, together with regular monitoring by a pediatric cardiology specialist, is fundamental to avoid unfavorable outcomes. Additionally, further studies and continuous search for updates in guidelines and scientific articles are essential to improve management and early diagnosis, aiming at optimizing treatment and improving the quality of life of these patients.
Keywords: Cardiac Arrhythmias; Cardiology; Pediatrics; Management.
References
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Copyright (c) 2024 Rafaela Simonetti Marinho, Joana Xiao, Nathalia Aimi, José Victor e Silva Borela, Augusto Felipe da Rosa Machado, Sarah dos Santos Teixeira de Lima, Érika Vilharba, Roberta Anjos Guimarães Marambaia, Viviane Chicourel Hipólito Rodrigues, José Fábio Possidonio Ferreira, Rogério Costa Barros, Gabriela Carmo das Virgens, Kiliana Modesto Gonçalves, João Douglas Ribeiro Oliveira