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Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is an obligatory intracellular parasite whose life cycle involves cats as primary hosts and other mammals, including humans, as intermediate hosts. Transmission occurs mainly through the ingestion of contaminated food or contact with infected cat feces. The prevalence of toxoplasmosis varies globally, being more common in tropical regions and correlated with socioeconomic conditions. It is estimated that up to 30% of the world's population has been exposed to the parasite, and studies in Brazil indicate a significant prevalence among pregnant women. T. gondii infection during pregnancy can result in complications for the fetus, such as retinal disease, with consequences that may persist into adulthood. Diagnosis and treatment of congenital toxoplasmosis are essential to mitigate these adverse effects. This study conducted an integrative literature review, using the PICo strategy to investigate the impacts of misinformation on toxoplasmosis in pregnant women. The research was conducted in databases such as MEDLINE, LILACS, and Nursing Database, resulting in a selection of 13 articles for analysis. The results highlight the importance of T. gondii serology during prenatal care and regular monitoring of pregnant women to detect possible acute infections. Treatment, when necessary, should be promptly initiated to reduce vertical transmission and the severity of congenital disease. Furthermore, the lack of adequate preventive guidance for susceptible pregnant women underscores the need for capacity building of healthcare professionals to provide relevant hygienic and dietary information. In conclusion, toxoplasmosis during pregnancy represents a significant public health concern, requiring effective prevention measures and access to proper healthcare. Public awareness and investment in ongoing research are essential to reduce the incidence of congenital toxoplasmosis and ensure better outcomes for mothers and babies.
Keywords: Toxoplasma gondii, toxoplasmosis, pregnancy, vertical transmission, prevention, treatment, maternal health.
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