Analysis of maxillary sinus lifting using the lateral window technique for placing dental implants

Abstract

Introduction: Edentulism is a condition characterized by the partial or total absence of teeth in a person and this reality is still considered significant in the current Brazilian population. This condition impacts the oral health, quality of life and general well-being of those affected. Oral rehabilitation through dental implants has emerged as an effective option for restoring masticatory function and aesthetics in edentulous patients. There are some situations in which, in order to install implants in the posterior region of the maxilla, it is necessary to lift the maxillary sinus, by creating a lateral opening in its bone wall, thus allowing precise surgical access to elevate the sinus membrane, creating an environment conducive to the safe installation of dental implants. The procedure involves elevating the sinus membrane to a more superior position, allowing the creation of a suitable space for the placement of bone grafts. Objective: This study aims to analyze the clinical applications of the lateral window technique for lifting the maxillary sinus and placing implants, with the aim of highlighting its specific indications, contraindications, and types of grafts used. Methodology: This is a literature review, based on scientific articles found in the PubMed/Medline, Virtual Health Library and SciELO databases. The search for articles was carried out using the descriptors: “Maxillary Sinus Floor Survey”, “Edentulous Maxilla”, “Dental Implants”, and as inclusion criteria original articles, literature reviews and case reports were used, in Portuguese, English and Spanish, published between 2008 and 2023. Results: It was observed that the technique described consists of creating a bone window in the lateral wall of the maxillary sinus, to create a bone height of the alveolar ridge. Within its clinical indications, it presents excellent results. An in-depth understanding of anatomy, combined with surgical skills and the use of advanced biomaterials, contribute to the long-term success of this technique, providing patients with a safe and effective option for oral rehabilitation. Final considerations: Maxillary sinus lifting using the lateral window technique is a valuable tool for bone correction, used in implant dentistry, offering effective solutions for patients with bone loss in the posterior region of the maxilla, requiring the dentist to have a deep knowledge of anatomy.