Keywords
Infância
Trauma
Revisão de literatura
How to Cite
Abstract
Introduction: Bipolar disorder (BD) affects 2% of the global population, representing a public health challenge with high suicide rates. The incidence of childhood traumas in patients with bipolar disorder ranges from 45% to 68%, predominantly affecting women who have a higher predisposition to developing BD compared to men. Individuals with BD face daily challenges in performing basic activities, impacting their biological rhythm and negatively influencing the course of the disease. Traumatic experiences in childhood, such as abuse and bullying, are strongly associated with this disorder, and the stigma surrounding mental disorders complicates diagnosis and treatment, exacerbating the situation. Objective: This literature review aims to clarify the factors influencing the expression of bipolar disorder, with a focus on the effectiveness of clinical interventions. The study seeks to relate childhood traumas to the subsequent development of bipolar disorder in adulthood, using literature review to explore and correlate experiences, symptoms, and consequences to enhance understanding of how this situation affects bipolar disorder. Methodology: It involves a literature review, using Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCs) to search for articles related to bipolar disorder in adults, childhood traumas, and the development of bipolar disorder in adulthood. The research was conducted in various databases such as Google Scholar, Virtual Health Library (BVS), SciELO, National Library of Medicine (PubMed), and EbscoHost. Results and Discussion: The study assessed 20 articles exploring the relationship between childhood trauma and the subsequent development of bipolar disorder in adulthood. The discussion reveals significant findings for the psychiatric and pediatric fields, emphasizing the importance of this less-discussed topic. Conclusion: The study suggests that, in addition to genetic factors, childhood trauma can trigger the development of bipolar disorder. The research objectives were achieved, revealing that childhood traumas can cause neurophysiological and functional problems related to bipolar disorder. The importance of specialized monitoring for individuals diagnosed with BD is highlighted, emphasizing the ongoing need for research on mental disorders to advance therapies and improve the quality of life for these patients.
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