Longitudinal evaluation of peri-implant colonization by oral and non-oral bacteria in newly installed dental implants.

Resumo

The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of the subgingival microbiota, including oral and non-oral bacteria, of individuals with dental implants recently installed and over 6 months. The study population consisted of individuals who received dental implants at the Postgraduate Clinic in Dentistry from UNIGRANRIO. A total of 21 individuals were included in the study and 16 completed the evaluation. Data were collected regarding gender, age and systemic condition. Subgingival biofilm samples were collected from the proximal sites of the implants and the contralateral teeth or the antagonists on days 7, 30, 90 and 180 after implant installation. The determination of the prevalence and levels of 70 bacterial species of the subgingival microbiota was performed using Checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization technique. Significant differences were tested by Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests. Associations between clinical and microbiological parameters were tested through Spearman Correlation Coefficient. Data obtained at day 7 showed that teeth compared to implants had significantly higher prevalence and/ or levels of the species C. sputigena, E. corrodens, H. alvei, N. mucosa, Streptococcus spp. 1, S. noxia, T. socranskii and V. parvula (p < 0.05). On day 30, tooth samples showed significantly higher prevalence and/ or levels of species the C. sputigena, F. alocis, F. periodonticum, H. alvei, S. noxia and V. parvula (p < 0.05). At day 120, tooth samples presented significantly higher prevalence and/ or levels of S. noxia, T. socranskii and V. parvula species (p <0.05). Correlation analysis showed that species C. sputigena, E. corrodens, F. periodonticum, H. alvei, N. mucosa, Neisseria, S. entericasspentericasorvTyphi, Streptococcus spp. 1, S. noxia, T. socranskiiand V. parvula were significantly negatively associated with implants (p < 0.05). The microbiota of the peri-implant region is diverse and similar to the microbiota of teeth in the same individual, with few species differing in the earliest times and equaling over the 6 months of observation, for both oral and non-oral species.