Palavras-chave
Como Citar
Resumo
Os parâmetros utilizados na clínica odontológica para o diagnóstico da periodontite e detecção da sua progressão, como profundidade de bolsa, nível de perda de inserção, imagens radiográficas, não são suficientes para detectar as perdas precoces de tecidos periodontais, o momento em que a doença se torna ativa, após períodos de estabilidade, bem como os diferentes graus de severidade. Biomarcadores são substâncias ou metabólitos, que representam modificações bioquímicas, fisiológicas, moleculares, identificados e mensurados em tecidos, fluidos e compartimentos, que possuem relação com a exposição a um agente e com um efeito de resposta a esta exposição. Alguns pacientes não respondem satisfatoriamente ao tratamento periodontal, podendo evoluir para formas severas. Os biomarcadores podem ser utilizados pelo periodontista, permitindo precisão na definição do diagnóstico e um melhor controle da resposta do paciente, durante o tratamento. Este estudo trata-se de uma revisão da literatura, que teve como objetivo revisar os principais biomarcadores que podem ser utilizados no diagnóstico, na identificação da progressão da doença e na decisão pelo melhor tratamento.
Referências
ATANASOVSKA-STOJANOVSKA, A. et al. Analysis of Transforming Growth Factor-Beta1 Gene Polymorphisms in Macedonian Patients with Chronic Periodontitis. Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, v. 2, n. 1, p. 30–35, 1 mar. 2009.
BOUKORTT, K. N. et al. Association analysis of the IL-1 gene cluster polymorphisms with aggressive and chronic periodontitis in the Algerian population. Archives of Oral Biology, v. 60, n. 10, p. 1463–1470, out. 2015.
CRAWFORD, D. C.; NICKERSON, D. A. Definition and clinical importance of haplotypes. Annual Review of Medicine, v. 56, p. 303–320, 2005.
DA SILVA, M. K. et al. Genetic Factors and the Risk of Periodontitis Development: Findings from a Systematic Review Composed of 13 Studies of Meta-Analysis with 71,531 Participants. International Journal of Dentistry, v. 2017, p. 1914073, 2017.
DAI, J. et al. Evaluation of interleukin-10 producing CD19+ B cells in human gingival tissue. Archives of Oral Biology, v. 84, n. Supplement C, p. 112–117, 1 dez. 2017.
DUARTE, P. M. et al. Do subjects with aggressive and chronic periodontitis exhibit a different cytokine/chemokine profile in the gingival crevicular fluid? A systematic review. Journal of Periodontal Research, v. 50, n. 1, p. 18–27, fev. 2015.
DUQUE, A. Prevalencia de periodontitis crónica en Iberoamérica. Revista Clínica de Periodoncia, Implantología y Rehabilitación Oral, v. 9, n. 2, p. 208–215, ago. 2016.
FU, Q.-Y. et al. Correlation of chronic periodontitis in tropical area and IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-17 levels. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, v. 6, n. 6, p. 489–492, 1 jun. 2013.
GRANDJEAN, Phillipe. Biomarcadores. In: Enciclopedia de Salud Y Seguridad en El Trabajo. OIT. 2012.
GUEDES, R. A. et al. Association of SOCS1− 820 (rs33977706) gene polymorphism with chronic periodontitis: A case–control study in Brazilians. Meta Gene, v. 5, p. 124–128, set. 2015.
HEIDARI, Z. et al. Association of TGF-β1 − 509 C/T, 29 C/T and 788 C/T gene polymorphisms with chronic periodontitis: A case–control study. Gene, v. 518, n. 2, p. 330–334, abr. 2013.
HERANE, A. et al. Expresión de citoquinas Th17 y su correlación con periodontopatógenos y el área periodontal inflamada en pacientes con periodontitis crónica. Revista clínica de periodoncia, implantología y rehabilitación oral, v. 6, n. 3, p. 109–113, dez. 2013.
HO et al. Analysis of tumor necrosis factor-α (-308) and lymphotoxin-α (+252) gene polymorphisms in Taiwanese patients with periodontitis. Journal of Dental Science, v.10, p. 316-322, 3 jul. 2015.
HOLLA, L. I. et al. 5 polymorphisms in the transforming growth factor-β 1 gene (TGF-β 1) in adult periodontitis. Journal of Clinical Periodontology, v. 29, n. 4, p. 336–341, 22 nov. 2002.
HSIAO, Y.-F. et al. Matrix metalloproteinase-2, -9, and tissue inhibitor of MMP-2 gene polymorphisms in Taiwanese periodontitis patients. Journal of Dental Sciences, v. 0, n. 0, 9 ago. 2016.
ISAZA-GUZMÁN, D. M. et al. Association study between salivary levels of interferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukin (IL)-17, IL-21, and IL-22 with chronic periodontitis. Archives of Oral Biology, v. 60, n. 1, p. 91–99, jan. 2015.
KHONGKHUNTHIAN, S. et al. Comparisons between two biochemical markers in evaluating periodontal disease severity: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health, v. 14, p. 107, 2014.
KIM, Y. J. et al. Association of haplotypes in the IL8 gene with susceptibility to chronic periodontitis in a Brazilian population. Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry, v. 411, n. 17–18, p. 1264–1268, 6 set. 2010.
KOBAYASHI, T.; ISHIDA, K.; YOSHIE, H. Increased expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene transcript in relation to IL-6 promoter hypomethylation in gingival tissue from patients with chronic periodontitis. Archives of Oral Biology, v. 69, n. Supplement C, p. 89–94, 1 set. 2016.
LOO, W. T. Y. et al. Association of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-1, MMP-3 and MMP-9) and cyclooxygenase-2 gene polymorphisms and their proteins with chronic periodontitis. Archives of Oral Biology, v. 56, n. 10, p. 1081–1090, out. 2011.
MA, L. et al. Interleukin-1β (3953/4) C→T polymorphism increases the risk of chronic periodontitis in Asians: evidence from a meta-analysis of 20 case-control studies. Archives of medical science: AMS, v. 11, n. 2, p. 267–273, 25 abr. 2015
MANEY, P.; OWENS, J. L. Interleukin polymorphisms in aggressive periodontitis: A literature review. Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology, v. 19, n. 2, p. 131–141, 2015.
MEI, Y. et al. Fluorescence quenching based alkaline phosphatase activity detection. Talanta, v. 176, n. Supplement C, p. 52–58, 1 jan. 2018.
MENEGAT, J. S. B. et al. Cytokine expression in gingival and intestinal tissues of patients with periodontitis and inflammatory bowel disease: An exploratory study. Archives of Oral Biology, v. 66, p. 141–146, jun. 2016.
MENEZES, N. G. DE; COLOMBO, A. P. V. Lack of association between the TNF-alpha -308 (G/A) genetic polymorphism and periodontal disease in Brazilians. Brazilian Oral Research, v. 22, n. 4, p. 322–327, dez. 2008.
NIKOLOPOULOS, G. K. et al. Cytokine gene polymorphisms in periodontal disease: a meta-analysis of 53 studies including 4178 cases and 4590 controls. Journal of Clinical Periodontology, v. 35, n. 9, p. 754–767, set. 2008.
OLIVEIRA, N. F. P. et al. DNA methylation status of the IL8 gene promoter in oral cells of smokers and non-smokers with chronic periodontitis. Journal of Clinical Periodontology, v. 36, n. 9, p. 719–725, set. 2009.
SHIVAPRASAD, B. M.; PRADEEP, A. R. Correlation of the interleukin-29 levels in crevicular fluid and plasma with the genetic polymorphism in chronic and aggressive periodontitis patients. Archives of Oral Biology, v. 60, n. 1, p. 37–44, jan. 2015.
SINGH, N. et al. Effect of scaling & root planing on the activity of ALP in GCF & serum of patients with gingivitis, chronic and aggressive periodontitis: A comparative study. Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research, v. 7, n. 2, p. 123–126, ago. 2017.
STATHOPOULOU, P. G.; BUDUNELI, N.; KINANE, D. F. Systemic Biomarkers for Periodontitis. Current Oral Health Reports, v. 2, n. 4, p. 218–226, 1 dez. 2015.
TSAI, C.-Y. et al. Subgingival microbiota in individuals with severe chronic periodontitis. Journal of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infection = Wei Mian Yu Gan Ran Za Zhi, 13 maio 2016.
VASTO, S. et al. Inflammatory networks in ageing, age-related diseases and longevity. Mechanisms of Ageing and Development, v. 128, n. 1, p. 83–91, jan. 2007.
YEN, C. J. et al. Age-associated changes in interferon-gamma and interleukin-4 secretion by purified human CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Journal of Biomedical Science, v. 7, n. 4, p. 317–321, ago. 2000.
ZHANG, Q. et al. Biomarker levels in gingival crevicular fluid of subjects with different periodontal conditions: A cross-sectional study. Archives of Oral Biology, v. 72, p. 92–98, dez. 2016a.
ZHANG, P. et al. Macrophage activating factor: A potential biomarker of periodontal health status. Archives of Oral Biology, v. 70, p. 94–99, out. 2016b.
ZHANG, S. et al. Interferon-gamma promoter hypomethylation and increased expression in chronic periodontitis. Journal of Clinical Periodontology, v. 37, n. 11, p. 953–961, nov. 2010.
ZHAO, L. et al. Effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on the levels of Th17/Th1/Th2 cytokines and their transcription factors in Chinese chronic periodontitis patients. Journal of Clinical Periodontology, v. 38, n. 6, p. 509–516, jun. 2011.
ZUCCARELLO, D. et al.Role of familiarity versus interleukin-1 genes cluster polymorphisms in chronic periodontitis. Gene, v.535, n. 2, p.286–289, 2014.
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2023 Fabiana de Lima Coutinho, Bernardo Oliveira de Campos, Guilherme Bianchine de Moura