Palavras-chave
Mutação gênica
, fatores de risco
Como Citar
Resumo
Introdução: Este estudo explora a importância dos biomarcadores genéticos e epidemiológicos na identificação e classificação dos tumores do sistema nervoso central (SNC), com foco nas mutações dos genes IDH1, IDH2, e na metilação do promotor do gene MGMT, que têm papéis cruciais no prognóstico e na resposta ao tratamento dos gliomas. Objetivo: Integrar a análise desses biomarcadores com fatores de risco epidemiológicos, para apoiar a personalização das estratégias terapêuticas, possibilitando a criação de um banco de dados personalizado futuramente. Metodologia: A metodologia consistiu em uma revisão sistemática da literatura, seguindo as diretrizes PRISMA. Foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados PubMed e Science Direct, abrangendo estudos publicados entre 2012 e 2024. Após aplicar critérios de inclusão e exclusão, 31 artigos foram selecionados para análise. Resultados: As mutações nos genes IDH1, especialmente a mutação R132H, e a metilação do promotor MGMT mostraram-se determinantes para o prognóstico e a personalização do tratamento dos gliomas. Fatores de risco ambientais, como a exposição prolongada à radiação ionizante e campos eletromagnéticos, foram associados a um aumento significativo no risco de desenvolvimento de tumores do SNC. Discussão: A importância de uma abordagem integrativa que combine dados genéticos e epidemiológicos foi destacada. Essa integração pode permitir avanços substanciais no diagnóstico, prognóstico e tratamento personalizado dos tumores do SNC. Conclusão: O estudo reafirma a relevância dos biomarcadores neurogenéticos na personalização das estratégias terapêuticas e destaca a necessidade de abordagens integrativas a fim de aprimorar as intervenções clínicas e melhorar os resultados para os pacientes.
Referências
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