Resumo
O câncer de mama é uma neoplasia maligna que se origina no tecido glandular da mama e é uma das principais causas de morbidade e mortalidade em mulheres globalmente. Representa uma heterogeneidade clínica e molecular significativa, manifestando-se em diversos subtipos com características biológicas distintas e padrões variados de comportamento clínico. A mastectomia radical é um procedimento cirúrgico que tem sido historicamente utilizado no tratamento do câncer de mama. Embora a mastectomia radical tenha sido uma abordagem padrão no tratamento do câncer de mama em estágios mais avançados, o manejo moderno da doença enfatiza a importância da cirurgia conservadora da mama, quando possível, e da integração de terapias adjuvantes. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática da literatura, a qual investigou sobre o impacto da qualidade de vida de pacientes que foram submetidas à mastectomia radical, pela coleta de dados nas plataformas PubMed, LILACS, Periódicos CAPES, EMBASE e Scielo, dos últimos 5 anos. Assim, os estudos revelam que a BCS frequentemente resulta em uma melhor QV, especialmente nos domínios de função física e imagem corporal, comparado à MRM. No entanto, a MRM pode oferecer benefícios em aspectos emocionais e de perspectiva futura. A diversidade de fatores que afetam a QV, como atividade física, nível educacional e estratégias de reconstrução mamária, sugere que uma abordagem personalizada e multifacetada é crucial para otimizar a recuperação e o bem-estar das pacientes.
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