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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and endometriosis are gynecological disorders that affect a significant number of women of reproductive age, severely impacting their fertility and quality of life. PCOS is characterized by ovarian dysfunction, hyperandrogenism, and the presence of multiple ovarian cysts, while endometriosis involves the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus, causing chronic pelvic pain and infertility. Both conditions are complex, with multifactorial etiologies that include genetic, hormonal, and environmental components. Additionally, the intersection of these conditions can exacerbate symptoms and complicate clinical management. Surgical options, such as laparoscopy for the removal of ovarian cysts or endometrial lesions, play a crucial role in treatment, improving fertility and relieving pain. Objective: to analyze the impact of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and endometriosis on fertility and quality of life, as well as to evaluate the available surgical options. Methodology: based on the PRISMA checklist, encompassing a detailed search in the PubMed, Scielo, and Web of Science databases. Five main descriptors were used: "Polycystic Ovary Syndrome," "Endometriosis," "Fertility," "Quality of Life," and "Surgical Options." Three inclusion criteria were: articles published in the last 10 years, studies involving women of reproductive age, and research addressing both PCOS and endometriosis. Three exclusion criteria were: studies in languages other than English and Portuguese, articles not addressing surgical aspects, and publications focused exclusively on medicinal treatment. Results: indicated that the coexistence of PCOS and endometriosis is associated with a significant negative impact on fertility, with reduced rates of natural conception. Surgical options, particularly laparoscopy, were effective in removing ovarian cysts and endometrial lesions, resulting in improved fertility and reduced chronic pelvic pain. Additionally, surgical intervention contributed to an overall improvement in the quality of life of patients, although the risks and benefits must be carefully considered in each individual case. Conclusion: the interaction between Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and endometriosis presents considerable challenges for the fertility and quality of life of affected women. Surgical options, especially laparoscopy, offer significant benefits but should be weighed according to the specific circumstances of each patient. The review highlighted the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to managing these conditions, aiming to optimize reproductive outcomes and overall patient well-being.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Ana Sofia Barroso Frattini Ramos , Larissa Lorraine Meiado Bochini , Luana Lopes Andrade , Luanna Barbosa Fiúza , Ana Caroline Rodrigues Silva, Clara Arantes Vasconcelos, Luan Bernardino Montes Santos , Thelma da Costa , Layla Azevedo Alencastro Cupertino de Barros, Milena Arpini Machado, Giovanna Sant’Anna da Costa, João Cassiano Lopes da Cruz
