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O transtorno do déficit de atenção e hiperatividade (TDAH) e o transtorno do espectro autista (TEA) são dois dos transtornos neurodesenvolvimentais mais comuns e frequentemente coocorrem em crianças e adultos. Embora sejam distintos em suas características principais, como déficits de atenção e impulsividade no caso do TDAH, e dificuldades significativas na comunicação social e comportamentos repetitivos no caso do TEA, há uma considerável sobreposição clínica e genética entre eles. Esta sobreposição inclui aspectos como a coexistência de sintomas em um mesmo indivíduo, semelhanças em perfis de risco genético, e possíveis mecanismos neurobiológicos compartilhados que contribuem para suas manifestações clínicas. A compreensão dessa relação complexa é fundamental para o diagnóstico preciso e o desenvolvimento de intervenções eficazes que abordem as necessidades específicas desses grupos de pacientes. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática da literatura, a qual foi feita a partir de uma análise abrangente de estudos em inglês, português e espanhol que abordaram sobre a relação entre o TDAH e o TEA. A complexidade das relações entre TDAH e TEA exige uma abordagem integrada, considerando múltiplos níveis de análise: genético, neurobiológico, epidemiológico e clínico. Futuras pesquisas devem focar em investigações transdiagnósticas e longitudinalmente, para elucidar melhor os mecanismos subjacentes à sobreposição fenotípica e genética entre esses transtornos. A compreensão aprofundada dessas interações é crucial para o desenvolvimento de estratégias diagnósticas e terapêuticas mais eficazes para indivíduos afetados.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Eliana Francisca Viana , Juliana Reis de Albuquerque , Herbert José Brito de Freitas , Jullie Soares Loureiro , Rebeca Maria Domingues Albertim da Costa , Arnóbio Silva Neto , Aluisya Karolyne Paiva de Sousa , Maria Letícia Cordeiro de Almeida , Luiza Miranda Moraes de Carvalho , Iaryma Rego Ramos Pereira , Vinicius Barbosa de Oliveira Roque , Vitória dos Santos Nepomoceno , Renan Rosa de Miranda