Effects of Dietary Management on Prevention and Treatment of Preeclampsia in High-Risk Pregnant Women: An Integrative Review

Abstract

Introduction: Preeclampsia is a serious complication of pregnancy characterized by high blood pressure and protein in the urine after the 20th week of gestation. In severe cases, it can lead to serious complications for both the mother and the fetus, including seizures, organ damage, and even death.

Methodology: The descriptors used in the search were selected to broadly cover the topic, including terms such as "preeclampsia," "high-risk pregnant women," "dietary management," "nutrients," "DASH diet," "exercise during pregnancy," among others.

Result: Understanding the role of diet in the prevention and treatment of preeclampsia is complex and multifaceted. A variety of nutrients and specific diets have been investigated for their potential impact on risk factors and underlying mechanisms of preeclampsia. Among these nutrients, calcium has received special attention due to its role in regulating blood pressure and vascular health.

Conclusion: In conclusion, dietary management plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of preeclampsia in high-risk pregnant women. Adequate intake of specific nutrients such as calcium, vitamin D, magnesium, and folic acid, as well as the adoption of healthy diets like the DASH diet, can help reduce the risk of developing the condition.